{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1978-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1978-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443529.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855064.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.0836,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":59.4501,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.3665,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3665},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":59.4501,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.1168},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":336.5337},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443529.770833,"ahargana":1855064.2708,"kali_year":5079,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5464,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.095151,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":61.05665099999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2195},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":98.78685100000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":255.60625099999993,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":63.74195100000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":277.12335099999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":125.53135099999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":169.7677,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":349.7677,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443529.770833,"kali_year":5079,"ahargana":1855064.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.0836,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":59.4501,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.3665,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3665},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":59.4501,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.1168},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":336.5337},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.219,"elongation":142.367},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.219,"opposition_distance":37.633}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:51","sunsetLocal":"17:34","solarNoonLocal":"12:12","dayLengthHours":10.721144441068908,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 43 Mins 16 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 16 Mins 44 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:55","moonsetLocal":"04:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:32","end":"10:52","startHours":9.527042743884973,"endHours":10.867185799018587,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:33","end":"14:53","startHours":13.547471909285814,"endHours":14.887614964419427,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:51","end":"08:11","startHours":6.846756633617747,"endHours":8.18689968875136,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:21","end":"09:42","startHours":9.348357003200492,"endHours":9.705728484569455,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:18","end":"07:35","startHours":7.293470985328951,"endHours":7.579368170424122,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:51","end":"12:34","startHours":11.849957372783239,"endHours":12.564700335521165,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:25","end":"06:08","startHours":5.417270708141892,"endHours":6.13201367087982,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:57","end":"06:51","startHours":5.9533279301953375,"endHours":6.846756633617747,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:00","end":"14:43","startHours":13.994186260997019,"endHours":14.708929223734946,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:22","end":"17:46","startHours":17.367901074686657,"endHours":17.767901074686655,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:34","end":"18:01","startHours":17.567901074686656,"endHours":18.01461542639786,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:19","end":"19:04","startHours":17.317901074686656,"endHours":19.067901074686656,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:51","end":"00:34","startHours":23.849957372783237,"endHours":24.564700335521167,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:51","end":"08:11","startHours":6.846756633617747,"endHours":8.18689968875136,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:11","end":"09:32","startHours":8.18689968875136,"endHours":9.527042743884973,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:32","end":"10:52","startHours":9.527042743884973,"endHours":10.867185799018587,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:52","end":"12:12","startHours":10.867185799018587,"endHours":12.207328854152202,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:12","end":"13:33","startHours":12.207328854152202,"endHours":13.547471909285814,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:33","end":"14:53","startHours":13.547471909285814,"endHours":14.887614964419427,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:53","end":"16:14","startHours":14.887614964419427,"endHours":16.227758019553043,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:14","end":"17:34","startHours":16.227758019553043,"endHours":17.567901074686656,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:34","end":"19:14","startHours":17.567901074686656,"endHours":19.227758019553043,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:14","end":"20:53","startHours":19.227758019553043,"endHours":20.887614964419427,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:53","end":"22:33","startHours":20.887614964419427,"endHours":22.547471909285814,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:33","end":"00:12","startHours":22.547471909285814,"endHours":24.207328854152202,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:12","end":"01:52","startHours":24.207328854152202,"endHours":25.86718579901859,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:52","end":"03:32","startHours":25.86718579901859,"endHours":27.527042743884977,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:32","end":"05:11","startHours":27.527042743884977,"endHours":29.18689968875136,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:11","end":"06:51","startHours":29.18689968875136,"endHours":30.846756633617748,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:51","end":"07:51","startHours":6.846756633617747,"endHours":7.846756633617747,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:51","end":"08:51","startHours":7.846756633617747,"endHours":8.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:51","end":"09:51","startHours":8.846756633617748,"endHours":9.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:51","end":"10:51","startHours":9.846756633617748,"endHours":10.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:51","end":"11:51","startHours":10.846756633617748,"endHours":11.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:51","end":"12:51","startHours":11.846756633617748,"endHours":12.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:51","end":"13:51","startHours":12.846756633617748,"endHours":13.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:51","end":"14:51","startHours":13.846756633617748,"endHours":14.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:51","end":"15:51","startHours":14.846756633617748,"endHours":15.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:51","end":"16:51","startHours":15.846756633617748,"endHours":16.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:51","end":"17:51","startHours":16.846756633617748,"endHours":17.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:51","end":"18:51","startHours":17.846756633617748,"endHours":18.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:51","end":"19:51","startHours":18.846756633617748,"endHours":19.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:51","end":"20:51","startHours":19.846756633617748,"endHours":20.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:51","end":"21:51","startHours":20.846756633617748,"endHours":21.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:51","end":"22:51","startHours":21.846756633617748,"endHours":22.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:51","end":"23:51","startHours":22.846756633617748,"endHours":23.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:51","end":"00:51","startHours":23.846756633617748,"endHours":24.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:51","end":"01:51","startHours":24.846756633617748,"endHours":25.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:51","end":"02:51","startHours":25.846756633617748,"endHours":26.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:51","end":"03:51","startHours":26.846756633617748,"endHours":27.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:51","end":"04:51","startHours":27.846756633617748,"endHours":28.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":28.846756633617748,"endHours":29.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:51","end":"06:51","startHours":29.846756633617748,"endHours":30.846756633617748,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.0108526642789,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":23.5464}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 1978 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 1978 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:51, sūryāsta 17:34.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1978-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1978-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1978-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1978-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1978-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T12:03:41.420Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T12:03:41.420Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T12:03:41.420Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}