{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1939-12-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1939-12-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1939-12-31","date_display":"December 31, 1939 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429628.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841163.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.3386,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.3329,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.9943,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9943},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":134.3329,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9995},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":29.6714},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1939,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429628.770833,"ahargana":1841163.2708,"kali_year":5041,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.0148,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.4403709999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":136.95187099999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.5435},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":335.1163710000001,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":238.544171,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":338.711171,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":284.952271,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":1.8153710000000274,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":186.3096,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":6.3096,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1939,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2429628.770833,"kali_year":5041,"ahargana":1841163.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.3386,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.3329,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":238.9943,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9943},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":134.3329,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9995},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":29.6714},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.544,"elongation":121.006},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.544,"opposition_distance":58.994}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:50","sunsetLocal":"17:19","solarNoonLocal":"12:04","dayLengthHours":10.473976786032743,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 28 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 31 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:52","moonsetLocal":"10:29","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:00","end":"17:19","startHours":16.001745210159033,"endHours":17.310992308413127,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:04","end":"13:23","startHours":12.074003915396755,"endHours":13.383251013650849,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:42","end":"16:00","startHours":14.692498111904943,"endHours":16.001745210159033,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:17","end":"09:38","startHours":9.280943439121359,"endHours":9.630075998655784,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:16","end":"07:33","startHours":7.273431221798416,"endHours":7.552737269425956,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:43","end":"12:25","startHours":11.72487135586233,"endHours":12.42313647493118,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:26","end":"06:08","startHours":5.440485284242685,"endHours":6.138750403311535,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:58","end":"06:50","startHours":5.964184123544323,"endHours":6.837015522380384,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:49","end":"14:31","startHours":13.81966671306888,"endHours":14.51793183213773,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:07","end":"17:31","startHours":17.110992308413127,"endHours":17.510992308413126,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:19","end":"17:45","startHours":17.310992308413127,"endHours":17.747408007831158,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:04","end":"18:49","startHours":17.060992308413127,"endHours":18.810992308413127,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:43","end":"00:25","startHours":23.72487135586233,"endHours":24.42313647493118,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:50","end":"08:09","startHours":6.837015522380384,"endHours":8.146262620634477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:09","end":"09:27","startHours":8.146262620634477,"endHours":9.455509718888571,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:27","end":"10:46","startHours":9.455509718888571,"endHours":10.764756817142663,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:46","end":"12:04","startHours":10.764756817142663,"endHours":12.074003915396755,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:04","end":"13:23","startHours":12.074003915396755,"endHours":13.383251013650849,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:23","end":"14:42","startHours":13.383251013650849,"endHours":14.692498111904943,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:42","end":"16:00","startHours":14.692498111904943,"endHours":16.001745210159033,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:00","end":"17:19","startHours":16.001745210159033,"endHours":17.310992308413127,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:19","end":"19:00","startHours":17.310992308413127,"endHours":19.001745210159033,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:00","end":"20:42","startHours":19.001745210159033,"endHours":20.69249811190494,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:42","end":"22:23","startHours":20.69249811190494,"endHours":22.38325101365085,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:23","end":"00:04","startHours":22.38325101365085,"endHours":24.074003915396755,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:04","end":"01:46","startHours":24.074003915396755,"endHours":25.76475681714266,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:46","end":"03:27","startHours":25.76475681714266,"endHours":27.45550971888857,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:27","end":"05:09","startHours":27.45550971888857,"endHours":29.146262620634477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:09","end":"06:50","startHours":29.146262620634477,"endHours":30.837015522380383,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:50","end":"07:50","startHours":6.837015522380384,"endHours":7.837015522380384,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:50","end":"08:50","startHours":7.837015522380384,"endHours":8.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:50","end":"09:50","startHours":8.837015522380383,"endHours":9.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:50","end":"10:50","startHours":9.837015522380383,"endHours":10.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:50","end":"11:50","startHours":10.837015522380383,"endHours":11.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:50","end":"12:50","startHours":11.837015522380383,"endHours":12.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:50","end":"13:50","startHours":12.837015522380383,"endHours":13.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:50","end":"14:50","startHours":13.837015522380383,"endHours":14.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:50","end":"15:50","startHours":14.837015522380383,"endHours":15.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:50","end":"16:50","startHours":15.837015522380383,"endHours":16.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:50","end":"17:50","startHours":16.837015522380383,"endHours":17.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:50","end":"18:50","startHours":17.837015522380383,"endHours":18.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:50","end":"19:50","startHours":18.837015522380383,"endHours":19.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:50","end":"20:50","startHours":19.837015522380383,"endHours":20.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:50","end":"21:50","startHours":20.837015522380383,"endHours":21.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:50","end":"22:50","startHours":21.837015522380383,"endHours":22.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:50","end":"23:50","startHours":22.837015522380383,"endHours":23.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:50","end":"00:50","startHours":23.837015522380383,"endHours":24.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:50","end":"01:50","startHours":24.837015522380383,"endHours":25.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:50","end":"02:50","startHours":25.837015522380383,"endHours":26.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:50","end":"03:50","startHours":26.837015522380383,"endHours":27.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:50","end":"04:50","startHours":27.837015522380383,"endHours":28.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:50","end":"05:50","startHours":28.837015522380383,"endHours":29.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:50","end":"06:50","startHours":29.837015522380383,"endHours":30.837015522380383,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.16682112176294,"eotMinutes":-3.2562349238053434,"ayanamsa":23.0148}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1996,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nandana","saka_samvat":1861,"saka_samvatsara":"Pramāthi","bengali_samvat":1346,"malayalam_era":1115,"nanakshahi_year":470,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 1996 Nandana · Śaka 1861 Pramāthi"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 31, 1939 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 31, 1939 CE for Ayodhyā: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:50, sūryāsta 17:19.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1939-12-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1939-12-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1939-12-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1939-12-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1939-12-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:48:12.368Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T18:48:12.368Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T18:48:12.368Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}