{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1909-09-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1909-09-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1909-09-28","date_display":"September 28, 1909 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1909,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418577.770833,"kali_year":5011,"ahargana":1830112.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.1547,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":320.5616,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":159.4069,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.4069},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":320.5616,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.5616},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":121.7162},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1909,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418577.770833,"ahargana":1830112.2708,"kali_year":5011,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5921,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.68100100000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":320.131801,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4989},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":338.337801,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":186.19240100000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":155.67900099999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":201.796601,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":359.570201,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":51.8448,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":231.8448,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1909,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418577.770833,"kali_year":5011,"ahargana":1830112.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.1547,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":320.5616,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":159.4069,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.4069},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":320.5616,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.5616},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":121.7162},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":26,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.499,"elongation":159.407},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.499,"opposition_distance":20.593}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:51","sunsetLocal":"17:51","solarNoonLocal":"11:51","dayLengthHours":12.010075141118051,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 00 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 59 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:36","moonsetLocal":"04:14","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:51","end":"16:21","startHours":14.85257229348256,"endHours":16.353831686122316,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:51","end":"10:21","startHours":8.847534722923534,"endHours":10.34879411556329,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:51","end":"13:21","startHours":11.850053508203047,"endHours":13.351312900842803,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:39","end":"09:03","startHours":8.6473668039049,"endHours":9.047702641942168,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:21","end":"06:40","startHours":6.345435735190606,"endHours":6.665704405620421,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:27","end":"12:15","startHours":11.449717670165779,"endHours":12.250389346240315,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:03","startHours":4.243672585494948,"endHours":5.044344261569485,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":4.844176342550851,"endHours":5.845015937644021,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:51","end":"14:39","startHours":13.851732698389387,"endHours":14.652404374463924,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:39","end":"18:03","startHours":17.655091078762073,"endHours":18.05509107876207,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:51","end":"18:21","startHours":17.855091078762072,"endHours":18.355510876308657,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:36","end":"19:21","startHours":17.605091078762072,"endHours":19.355091078762072,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:27","end":"00:15","startHours":23.44971767016578,"endHours":24.250389346240315,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:51","end":"07:21","startHours":5.845015937644021,"endHours":7.3462753302837775,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:21","end":"08:51","startHours":7.3462753302837775,"endHours":8.847534722923534,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:51","end":"10:21","startHours":8.847534722923534,"endHours":10.34879411556329,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:21","end":"11:51","startHours":10.34879411556329,"endHours":11.850053508203047,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:51","end":"13:21","startHours":11.850053508203047,"endHours":13.351312900842803,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:21","end":"14:51","startHours":13.351312900842803,"endHours":14.85257229348256,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:51","end":"16:21","startHours":14.85257229348256,"endHours":16.353831686122316,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:21","end":"17:51","startHours":16.353831686122316,"endHours":17.855091078762072,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:51","end":"19:21","startHours":17.855091078762072,"endHours":19.353831686122316,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:21","end":"20:51","startHours":19.353831686122316,"endHours":20.85257229348256,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:51","end":"22:21","startHours":20.85257229348256,"endHours":22.351312900842803,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:21","end":"23:51","startHours":22.351312900842803,"endHours":23.850053508203047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:51","end":"01:21","startHours":23.850053508203047,"endHours":25.34879411556329,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:21","end":"02:51","startHours":25.34879411556329,"endHours":26.847534722923534,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:51","end":"04:21","startHours":26.847534722923534,"endHours":28.346275330283778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:21","end":"05:51","startHours":28.346275330283778,"endHours":29.84501593764402,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:51","end":"06:51","startHours":5.845015937644021,"endHours":6.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:51","end":"07:51","startHours":6.845015937644021,"endHours":7.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:51","end":"08:51","startHours":7.845015937644021,"endHours":8.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:51","end":"09:51","startHours":8.845015937644021,"endHours":9.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:51","end":"10:51","startHours":9.845015937644021,"endHours":10.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:51","end":"11:51","startHours":10.845015937644021,"endHours":11.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:51","end":"12:51","startHours":11.845015937644021,"endHours":12.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:51","end":"13:51","startHours":12.845015937644021,"endHours":13.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:51","end":"14:51","startHours":13.845015937644021,"endHours":14.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:51","end":"15:51","startHours":14.845015937644021,"endHours":15.845015937644021,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:51","end":"16:51","startHours":15.845015937644021,"endHours":16.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:51","end":"17:51","startHours":16.84501593764402,"endHours":17.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:51","end":"18:51","startHours":17.84501593764402,"endHours":18.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:51","end":"19:51","startHours":18.84501593764402,"endHours":19.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:51","end":"20:51","startHours":19.84501593764402,"endHours":20.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:51","end":"21:51","startHours":20.84501593764402,"endHours":21.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:51","end":"22:51","startHours":21.84501593764402,"endHours":22.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:51","end":"23:51","startHours":22.84501593764402,"endHours":23.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:51","end":"00:51","startHours":23.84501593764402,"endHours":24.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:51","end":"01:51","startHours":24.84501593764402,"endHours":25.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:51","end":"02:51","startHours":25.84501593764402,"endHours":26.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:51","end":"03:51","startHours":26.84501593764402,"endHours":27.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:51","end":"04:51","startHours":27.84501593764402,"endHours":28.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":28.84501593764402,"endHours":29.84501593764402,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-1.6982245346532714,"eotMinutes":10.180789507817288,"ayanamsa":22.5921}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1966,"vikram_samvatsara":"Dundubhi","saka_samvat":1831,"saka_samvatsara":"Saumya","bengali_samvat":1316,"malayalam_era":1085,"nanakshahi_year":440,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 1966 Dundubhi · Śaka 1831 Saumya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 28, 1909 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 28, 1909 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 05:51, sūryāsta 17:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1909-09-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1909-09-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1909-09-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1909-09-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1909-09-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-08T03:00:54.301Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-08T03:00:54.301Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-08T03:00:54.301Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}