{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1903-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1903-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 1903 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1903,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416323.770833,"kali_year":5005,"ahargana":1827858.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":147.7329,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":46.7329,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7329},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":147.7329,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.0662},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":248.7328},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1903,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416323.770833,"ahargana":1827858.2708,"kali_year":5005,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5059,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.28222,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":150.26232000000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.7957},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":183.30452000000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":104.18971999999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":331.82552,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":146.65182000000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":285.02852000000007,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":171.2725,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":351.2725,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1903,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416323.770833,"kali_year":5005,"ahargana":1827858.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":147.7329,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":46.7329,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7329},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":147.7329,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.0662},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":248.7328},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":7,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.796,"elongation":46.733},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.796,"opposition_distance":133.267}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:23","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":13.492837974412344,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 29 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 30 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:15","moonsetLocal":"21:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:30","end":"17:11","startHours":15.495782038209773,"endHours":17.182386785011317,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:45","end":"10:26","startHours":8.749363051003602,"endHours":10.435967797805144,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:07","end":"13:49","startHours":12.122572544606687,"endHours":13.809177291408231,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:31","end":"08:58","startHours":8.52448241809673,"endHours":8.974243683910474,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:56","end":"06:18","startHours":5.938355139667697,"endHours":6.298164152318693,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:34","startHours":11.672811278792942,"endHours":12.572333810420432,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:35","end":"04:29","startHours":3.577108494145536,"endHours":4.476631025773026,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:15","end":"05:23","startHours":4.251750392866153,"endHours":5.3761535574005155,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:16","startHours":14.371378873675411,"endHours":15.2709014053029,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.66899153181286,"endHours":19.06899153181286,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:26","startHours":18.86899153181286,"endHours":19.431193114080042,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.61899153181286,"endHours":20.36899153181286,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:34","startHours":23.672811278792942,"endHours":24.57233381042043,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:23","end":"07:04","startHours":5.3761535574005155,"endHours":7.062758304202059,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:04","end":"08:45","startHours":7.062758304202059,"endHours":8.749363051003602,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:45","end":"10:26","startHours":8.749363051003602,"endHours":10.435967797805144,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:26","end":"12:07","startHours":10.435967797805144,"endHours":12.122572544606687,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:07","end":"13:49","startHours":12.122572544606687,"endHours":13.809177291408231,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:49","end":"15:30","startHours":13.809177291408231,"endHours":15.495782038209773,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:30","end":"17:11","startHours":15.495782038209773,"endHours":17.182386785011317,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:11","end":"18:52","startHours":17.182386785011317,"endHours":18.86899153181286,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:52","end":"20:11","startHours":18.86899153181286,"endHours":20.182386785011317,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:11","end":"21:30","startHours":20.182386785011317,"endHours":21.495782038209775,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:30","end":"22:49","startHours":21.495782038209775,"endHours":22.809177291408233,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:49","end":"00:07","startHours":22.809177291408233,"endHours":24.122572544606687,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:07","end":"01:26","startHours":24.122572544606687,"endHours":25.435967797805144,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:26","end":"02:45","startHours":25.435967797805144,"endHours":26.749363051003602,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:45","end":"04:04","startHours":26.749363051003602,"endHours":28.062758304202056,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:04","end":"05:23","startHours":28.062758304202056,"endHours":29.376153557400514,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":5.3761535574005155,"endHours":6.3761535574005155,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.3761535574005155,"endHours":7.3761535574005155,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.3761535574005155,"endHours":8.376153557400515,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.376153557400515,"endHours":9.376153557400515,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.376153557400515,"endHours":10.376153557400515,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.376153557400515,"endHours":11.376153557400515,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.376153557400515,"endHours":12.376153557400515,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.376153557400515,"endHours":13.376153557400515,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.376153557400515,"endHours":14.376153557400515,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.376153557400515,"endHours":15.376153557400515,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.376153557400515,"endHours":16.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.376153557400514,"endHours":17.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.376153557400514,"endHours":18.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.376153557400514,"endHours":19.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.376153557400514,"endHours":20.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.376153557400514,"endHours":21.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.376153557400514,"endHours":22.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.376153557400514,"endHours":23.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.376153557400514,"endHours":24.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.376153557400514,"endHours":25.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.376153557400514,"endHours":26.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.376153557400514,"endHours":27.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.376153557400514,"endHours":28.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.376153557400514,"endHours":29.376153557400514,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.30248749944926,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":22.5059}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1960,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1825,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1310,"malayalam_era":1079,"nanakshahi_year":434,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 1960 Nala · Śaka 1825 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"angarika-chaturthi","name":"Aṅgāraka Caturthī (Tuesday Caturthī)","name_sanskrit":"अङ्गारक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa + Maṅgala","significance":"Tuesday-Caturthī (rare); supremely auspicious for Maṅgala-doṣa-nivāraṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":4,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"},{"tithi_number":19,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}]},"precedence":3},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 1903 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 1903 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 05:23, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T13:23:11.524Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T13:23:11.524Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T13:23:11.524Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}