{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1903-03-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-03-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1903-03-28","date_display":"March 28, 1903 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1903,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416201.770833,"kali_year":5004,"ahargana":1827736.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.0874,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":330.8635,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":346.7762,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7762},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":330.8635,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.8635},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":314.9509},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1903,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416201.770833,"ahargana":1827736.2708,"kali_year":5004,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5013,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.690082,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":331.465282,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.0324},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":166.68848200000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":329.82968200000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":317.36318200000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":13.185681999999986,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":285.883282,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":177.7367,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":357.7367,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1903,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2416201.770833,"kali_year":5004,"ahargana":1827736.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":344.0874,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":330.8635,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":346.7762,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7762},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":330.8635,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.8635},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":314.9509},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.032,"elongation":13.224},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.032,"opposition_distance":166.776}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":1,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.064,"elongation":1.081},{"offset_days":15,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.321,"opposition_distance":2.214}]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:58","sunsetLocal":"18:16","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":12.29028822569422,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 17 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 42 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:20","moonsetLocal":"17:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:02","end":"10:35","startHours":9.040830317016475,"endHours":10.577116345228252,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:39","end":"15:11","startHours":13.649688401651806,"endHours":15.185974429863585,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:58","end":"07:30","startHours":5.968258260592919,"endHours":7.504544288804697,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:15","startHours":8.83599217992157,"endHours":9.245668454111378,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:29","end":"06:48","startHours":6.480353603330179,"endHours":6.808094622682025,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:42","end":"12:31","startHours":11.70372609925022,"endHours":12.523078647629836,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:20","end":"05:09","startHours":4.32955316383369,"endHours":5.148905712213304,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:57","end":"05:58","startHours":4.944067575118401,"endHours":5.968258260592919,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"14:59","startHours":14.161783744389066,"endHours":14.98113629276868,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:04","end":"18:28","startHours":18.05854648628714,"endHours":18.458546486287137,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:16","end":"18:46","startHours":18.258546486287138,"endHours":18.770641829024395,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:01","end":"19:46","startHours":18.008546486287138,"endHours":19.758546486287138,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:42","end":"00:31","startHours":23.703726099250222,"endHours":24.523078647629834,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:58","end":"07:30","startHours":5.968258260592919,"endHours":7.504544288804697,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:30","end":"09:02","startHours":7.504544288804697,"endHours":9.040830317016475,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:02","end":"10:35","startHours":9.040830317016475,"endHours":10.577116345228252,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:35","end":"12:07","startHours":10.577116345228252,"endHours":12.113402373440028,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:07","end":"13:39","startHours":12.113402373440028,"endHours":13.649688401651806,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:39","end":"15:11","startHours":13.649688401651806,"endHours":15.185974429863585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:11","end":"16:43","startHours":15.185974429863585,"endHours":16.72226045807536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:43","end":"18:16","startHours":16.72226045807536,"endHours":18.258546486287138,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:16","end":"19:43","startHours":18.258546486287138,"endHours":19.72226045807536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:43","end":"21:11","startHours":19.72226045807536,"endHours":21.185974429863585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:11","end":"22:39","startHours":21.185974429863585,"endHours":22.649688401651805,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:39","end":"00:07","startHours":22.649688401651805,"endHours":24.113402373440028,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:07","end":"01:35","startHours":24.113402373440028,"endHours":25.57711634522825,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:35","end":"03:02","startHours":25.57711634522825,"endHours":27.04083031701647,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:02","end":"04:30","startHours":27.04083031701647,"endHours":28.504544288804695,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:30","end":"05:58","startHours":28.504544288804695,"endHours":29.96825826059292,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:58","end":"06:58","startHours":5.968258260592919,"endHours":6.968258260592919,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:58","end":"07:58","startHours":6.968258260592919,"endHours":7.968258260592919,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:58","end":"08:58","startHours":7.968258260592919,"endHours":8.968258260592918,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:58","end":"09:58","startHours":8.968258260592918,"endHours":9.968258260592918,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:58","end":"10:58","startHours":9.968258260592918,"endHours":10.968258260592918,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:58","end":"11:58","startHours":10.968258260592918,"endHours":11.968258260592918,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:58","end":"12:58","startHours":11.968258260592918,"endHours":12.968258260592918,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:58","end":"13:58","startHours":12.968258260592918,"endHours":13.968258260592918,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:58","end":"14:58","startHours":13.968258260592918,"endHours":14.968258260592918,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:58","end":"15:58","startHours":14.968258260592918,"endHours":15.968258260592918,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:58","end":"16:58","startHours":15.968258260592918,"endHours":16.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:58","end":"17:58","startHours":16.96825826059292,"endHours":17.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:58","end":"18:58","startHours":17.96825826059292,"endHours":18.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:58","end":"19:58","startHours":18.96825826059292,"endHours":19.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:58","end":"20:58","startHours":19.96825826059292,"endHours":20.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:58","end":"21:58","startHours":20.96825826059292,"endHours":21.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:58","end":"22:58","startHours":21.96825826059292,"endHours":22.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:58","end":"23:58","startHours":22.96825826059292,"endHours":23.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:58","end":"00:58","startHours":23.96825826059292,"endHours":24.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:58","end":"01:58","startHours":24.96825826059292,"endHours":25.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:58","end":"02:58","startHours":25.96825826059292,"endHours":26.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:58","end":"03:58","startHours":26.96825826059292,"endHours":27.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:58","end":"04:58","startHours":27.96825826059292,"endHours":28.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:58","end":"05:58","startHours":28.96825826059292,"endHours":29.96825826059292,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.4584782832950642,"eotMinutes":-5.6201424064016345,"ayanamsa":22.5013}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1960,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1825,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1310,"malayalam_era":1079,"nanakshahi_year":434,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 1960 Nala · Śaka 1825 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Māsika Śivarātri is not live yet; Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 28, 1903 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 28, 1903 CE for Ayodhyā: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 05:58, sūryāsta 18:16.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-03-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-03-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-03-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-03-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1903-03-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-08T03:01:02.642Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-08T03:01:02.642Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-08T03:01:02.642Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}