{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1901-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1901-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1901-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 1901 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415593.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827128.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.4915,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":240.2247,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":138.7332,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7332},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":240.2247,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2247},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":341.7162},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1901,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415593.770833,"ahargana":1827128.2708,"kali_year":5003,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.478,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.77181200000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":240.93841199999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.2668},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":167.16001200000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":85.38681200000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":253.87371200000007,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":126.749012,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":260.3546120000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":209.9515,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":29.9515,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415593.770833,"kali_year":5003,"ahargana":1827128.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.4915,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":240.2247,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":138.7332,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7332},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":240.2247,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2247},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":341.7162},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.267,"elongation":138.733},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.267,"opposition_distance":41.267}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:23","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":13.48436801296323,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 29 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 30 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:11","moonsetLocal":"02:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:11","end":"18:52","startHours":17.179210549467896,"endHours":18.864756551088302,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:07","end":"13:48","startHours":12.122572544606687,"endHours":13.808118546227089,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:30","end":"17:11","startHours":15.493664547847494,"endHours":17.179210549467896,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:32","end":"08:59","startHours":8.526741074483159,"endHours":8.9762200082486,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:57","end":"06:18","startHours":5.942237205331872,"endHours":6.301820352344225,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:34","startHours":11.673093610841246,"endHours":12.572051478372128,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:35","end":"04:29","startHours":3.5824728030633066,"endHours":4.481430670594189,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:15","end":"05:23","startHours":4.256691203711468,"endHours":5.380388538125071,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:16","startHours":14.369967213433892,"endHours":15.268925080964774,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.664756551088303,"endHours":19.0647565510883,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:26","startHours":18.864756551088302,"endHours":19.4266052182951,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.614756551088302,"endHours":20.364756551088302,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:34","startHours":23.673093610841246,"endHours":24.572051478372128,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:23","end":"07:04","startHours":5.380388538125071,"endHours":7.0659345397454745,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:04","end":"08:45","startHours":7.0659345397454745,"endHours":8.75148054136588,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:45","end":"10:26","startHours":8.75148054136588,"endHours":10.437026542986281,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:26","end":"12:07","startHours":10.437026542986281,"endHours":12.122572544606687,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:07","end":"13:48","startHours":12.122572544606687,"endHours":13.808118546227089,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:48","end":"15:30","startHours":13.808118546227089,"endHours":15.493664547847494,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:30","end":"17:11","startHours":15.493664547847494,"endHours":17.179210549467896,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:11","end":"18:52","startHours":17.179210549467896,"endHours":18.864756551088302,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:52","end":"20:11","startHours":18.864756551088302,"endHours":20.179210549467896,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:11","end":"21:30","startHours":20.179210549467896,"endHours":21.493664547847494,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:30","end":"22:48","startHours":21.493664547847494,"endHours":22.808118546227092,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:48","end":"00:07","startHours":22.808118546227092,"endHours":24.122572544606687,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:07","end":"01:26","startHours":24.122572544606687,"endHours":25.43702654298628,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:26","end":"02:45","startHours":25.43702654298628,"endHours":26.75148054136588,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:45","end":"04:04","startHours":26.75148054136588,"endHours":28.065934539745477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:04","end":"05:23","startHours":28.065934539745477,"endHours":29.38038853812507,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":5.380388538125071,"endHours":6.380388538125071,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.380388538125071,"endHours":7.380388538125071,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.380388538125071,"endHours":8.380388538125072,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.380388538125072,"endHours":9.380388538125072,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.380388538125072,"endHours":10.380388538125072,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.380388538125072,"endHours":11.380388538125072,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.380388538125072,"endHours":12.380388538125072,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.380388538125072,"endHours":13.380388538125072,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.380388538125072,"endHours":14.380388538125072,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.380388538125072,"endHours":15.380388538125072,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.380388538125072,"endHours":16.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.38038853812507,"endHours":17.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.38038853812507,"endHours":18.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.38038853812507,"endHours":19.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.38038853812507,"endHours":20.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.38038853812507,"endHours":21.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.38038853812507,"endHours":22.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.38038853812507,"endHours":23.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.38038853812507,"endHours":24.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.38038853812507,"endHours":25.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.38038853812507,"endHours":26.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.38038853812507,"endHours":27.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.38038853812507,"endHours":28.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.38038853812507,"endHours":29.38038853812507,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.193669947134016,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":22.478}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1958,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1823,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1308,"malayalam_era":1077,"nanakshahi_year":432,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 1958 Ānanda · Śaka 1823 Plava"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 1901 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 1901 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:23, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1901-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1901-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1901-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1901-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1901-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T10:02:29.318Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T10:02:29.318Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T10:02:29.318Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}