{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1897-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1897-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1897-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 1897 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1897,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414014.770833,"kali_year":4998,"ahargana":1825549.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.5765,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":324.5608,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":335.9843,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9843},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":324.5608,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5608},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":313.1374},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":55,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1897,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414014.770833,"ahargana":1825549.2708,"kali_year":4998,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4176,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.172741,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":324.14154099999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.3123},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":73.31184100000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":347.275641,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":129.42154100000005,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":25.019840999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":219.084341,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":293.6145,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":113.6145,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1897,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2414014.770833,"kali_year":4998,"ahargana":1825549.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":348.5765,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":324.5608,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":28,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":335.9843,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.9843},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":324.5608,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.5608},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":313.1374},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":55,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.312,"elongation":24.016},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.312,"opposition_distance":155.984}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:54","sunsetLocal":"18:18","solarNoonLocal":"12:06","dayLengthHours":12.407778958427885,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 24 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 35 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:38","moonsetLocal":"16:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:06","end":"13:39","startHours":12.097428356934778,"endHours":13.648400726738263,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:27","end":"09:00","startHours":7.44451124752432,"endHours":8.995483617327805,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:33","end":"12:06","startHours":10.546455987131292,"endHours":12.097428356934778,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:47","end":"09:12","startHours":8.788687301354008,"endHours":9.202279933301604,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:25","end":"06:44","startHours":6.41052966765533,"endHours":6.741403773213406,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:31","startHours":11.68383572498718,"endHours":12.511020988882372,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:14","end":"05:04","startHours":4.239168349930449,"endHours":5.066353613825642,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:52","end":"05:54","startHours":4.859557297851843,"endHours":5.893538877720834,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"15:00","startHours":14.165391516672758,"endHours":14.99257678056795,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:06","end":"18:30","startHours":18.10131783614872,"endHours":18.50131783614872,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:18","end":"18:49","startHours":18.30131783614872,"endHours":18.818308626083216,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:03","end":"19:48","startHours":18.05131783614872,"endHours":19.80131783614872,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:31","startHours":23.68383572498718,"endHours":24.511020988882375,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"05:54","end":"07:27","startHours":5.893538877720834,"endHours":7.44451124752432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:27","end":"09:00","startHours":7.44451124752432,"endHours":8.995483617327805,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:00","end":"10:33","startHours":8.995483617327805,"endHours":10.546455987131292,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:33","end":"12:06","startHours":10.546455987131292,"endHours":12.097428356934778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:06","end":"13:39","startHours":12.097428356934778,"endHours":13.648400726738263,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:39","end":"15:12","startHours":13.648400726738263,"endHours":15.199373096541748,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:12","end":"16:45","startHours":15.199373096541748,"endHours":16.750345466345234,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:45","end":"18:18","startHours":16.750345466345234,"endHours":18.30131783614872,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:18","end":"19:45","startHours":18.30131783614872,"endHours":19.750345466345234,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:45","end":"21:12","startHours":19.750345466345234,"endHours":21.19937309654175,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:12","end":"22:39","startHours":21.19937309654175,"endHours":22.648400726738263,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:39","end":"00:06","startHours":22.648400726738263,"endHours":24.097428356934778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:06","end":"01:33","startHours":24.097428356934778,"endHours":25.546455987131292,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:33","end":"03:00","startHours":25.546455987131292,"endHours":26.995483617327807,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:00","end":"04:27","startHours":26.995483617327807,"endHours":28.444511247524318,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:27","end":"05:54","startHours":28.444511247524318,"endHours":29.893538877720836,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:54","end":"06:54","startHours":5.893538877720834,"endHours":6.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:54","end":"07:54","startHours":6.893538877720834,"endHours":7.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:54","end":"08:54","startHours":7.893538877720834,"endHours":8.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:54","end":"09:54","startHours":8.893538877720834,"endHours":9.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:54","end":"10:54","startHours":9.893538877720834,"endHours":10.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:54","end":"11:54","startHours":10.893538877720834,"endHours":11.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:54","end":"12:54","startHours":11.893538877720834,"endHours":12.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:54","end":"13:54","startHours":12.893538877720834,"endHours":13.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:54","end":"14:54","startHours":13.893538877720834,"endHours":14.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:54","end":"15:54","startHours":14.893538877720834,"endHours":15.893538877720834,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:54","end":"16:54","startHours":15.893538877720834,"endHours":16.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:54","end":"17:54","startHours":16.893538877720836,"endHours":17.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:54","end":"18:54","startHours":17.893538877720836,"endHours":18.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:54","end":"19:54","startHours":18.893538877720836,"endHours":19.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:54","end":"20:54","startHours":19.893538877720836,"endHours":20.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:54","end":"21:54","startHours":20.893538877720836,"endHours":21.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:54","end":"22:54","startHours":21.893538877720836,"endHours":22.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:54","end":"23:54","startHours":22.893538877720836,"endHours":23.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:54","end":"00:54","startHours":23.893538877720836,"endHours":24.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:54","end":"01:54","startHours":24.893538877720836,"endHours":25.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:54","end":"02:54","startHours":25.893538877720836,"endHours":26.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:54","end":"03:54","startHours":26.893538877720836,"endHours":27.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:54","end":"04:54","startHours":27.893538877720836,"endHours":28.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:54","end":"05:54","startHours":28.893538877720836,"endHours":29.893538877720836,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.191917918745499,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":22.4176}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1954,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1819,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1304,"malayalam_era":1073,"nanakshahi_year":428,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī · Vikram 1954 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1819 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Pradoṣa Vrata is not live yet; Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 1897 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 1897 CE for Ayodhyā: Kṛṣṇa Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:54, sūryāsta 18:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1897-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1897-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1897-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1897-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1897-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-07T21:52:41.728Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-07T21:52:41.728Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-07T21:52:41.728Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}