{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1691-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1691-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1691-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 1691 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1691,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2338896.770833,"kali_year":4793,"ahargana":1750431.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":108.4699,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":182.7029,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.233,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.233},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":182.7029,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.3696},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":291.1729},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1691,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2338896.770833,"ahargana":1750431.2708,"kali_year":4793,"ayanamsa_lahiri":19.5446,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":108.28720099999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":185.31760099999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3934},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":35.096901,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":95.669601,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":28.507100999999977,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":84.93670099999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":218.23890099999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":313.7276,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":133.7276,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1691,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2338896.770833,"kali_year":4793,"ahargana":1750431.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":108.4699,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":182.7029,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.233,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.233},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":182.7029,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.3696},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":291.1729},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.393,"elongation":74.233},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.393,"opposition_distance":105.767}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":9,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.228,"opposition_distance":0.348}]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:25","sunsetLocal":"18:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":13.415970500675266,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 24 Mins 57 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 35 Mins 03 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:32","moonsetLocal":"22:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:28","end":"17:09","startHours":15.474915533707998,"endHours":17.151911846292407,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:46","end":"10:27","startHours":8.766930283370364,"endHours":10.443926595954773,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:07","end":"13:48","startHours":12.120922908539182,"endHours":13.797919221123589,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"08:59","startHours":8.543330775025776,"endHours":8.990529791714952,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:58","end":"06:20","startHours":5.9719364290630175,"endHours":6.329695642414358,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:34","startHours":11.673723891850006,"endHours":12.568121925228358,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:37","end":"04:31","startHours":3.624141591444846,"endHours":4.518539624823196,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:18","end":"05:25","startHours":4.2949401164786085,"endHours":5.412937658201548,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:21","end":"15:15","startHours":14.356917991985059,"endHours":15.25131602536341,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:38","end":"19:02","startHours":18.628908158876815,"endHours":19.028908158876813,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:50","end":"19:23","startHours":18.828908158876814,"endHours":19.387906929738282,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:35","end":"20:20","startHours":18.578908158876814,"endHours":20.328908158876814,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:34","startHours":23.673723891850006,"endHours":24.568121925228358,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:25","end":"07:05","startHours":5.412937658201548,"endHours":7.089933970785956,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:05","end":"08:46","startHours":7.089933970785956,"endHours":8.766930283370364,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:46","end":"10:27","startHours":8.766930283370364,"endHours":10.443926595954773,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:27","end":"12:07","startHours":10.443926595954773,"endHours":12.120922908539182,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:07","end":"13:48","startHours":12.120922908539182,"endHours":13.797919221123589,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:48","end":"15:28","startHours":13.797919221123589,"endHours":15.474915533707998,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:28","end":"17:09","startHours":15.474915533707998,"endHours":17.151911846292407,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:09","end":"18:50","startHours":17.151911846292407,"endHours":18.828908158876814,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:50","end":"20:09","startHours":18.828908158876814,"endHours":20.151911846292407,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:09","end":"21:28","startHours":20.151911846292407,"endHours":21.474915533707996,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:28","end":"22:48","startHours":21.474915533707996,"endHours":22.79791922112359,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:48","end":"00:07","startHours":22.79791922112359,"endHours":24.120922908539182,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:07","end":"01:27","startHours":24.120922908539182,"endHours":25.44392659595477,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:27","end":"02:46","startHours":25.44392659595477,"endHours":26.766930283370364,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:46","end":"04:05","startHours":26.766930283370364,"endHours":28.089933970785957,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:05","end":"05:25","startHours":28.089933970785957,"endHours":29.41293765820155,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":5.412937658201548,"endHours":6.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.412937658201548,"endHours":7.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.412937658201548,"endHours":8.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.412937658201548,"endHours":9.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.412937658201548,"endHours":10.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.412937658201548,"endHours":11.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.412937658201548,"endHours":12.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.412937658201548,"endHours":13.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.412937658201548,"endHours":14.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.412937658201548,"endHours":15.412937658201548,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.412937658201548,"endHours":16.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.41293765820155,"endHours":17.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.41293765820155,"endHours":18.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.41293765820155,"endHours":19.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.41293765820155,"endHours":20.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.41293765820155,"endHours":21.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.41293765820155,"endHours":22.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.41293765820155,"endHours":23.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.41293765820155,"endHours":24.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.41293765820155,"endHours":25.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.41293765820155,"endHours":26.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.41293765820155,"endHours":27.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.41293765820155,"endHours":28.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.41293765820155,"endHours":29.41293765820155,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.30859927032437,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":19.5446}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1748,"vikram_samvatsara":"Tāraṇa","saka_samvat":1613,"saka_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","bengali_samvat":1098,"malayalam_era":867,"nanakshahi_year":222,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 1748 Tāraṇa · Śaka 1613 Prajāpati"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 1691 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 1691 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 05:25, sūryāsta 18:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1691-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1691-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1691-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1691-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1691-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T22:06:12.561Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T22:06:12.561Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T22:06:12.561Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}