{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:-0443-05-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/-0443-05-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-0443-05-01","date_display":"May 1, 444 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559372.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970907.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":49.8644,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":56.4783,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.6138,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.6138},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":56.4783,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1449},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":106.3427},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559372.770833,"ahargana":970907.2708,"kali_year":2659,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-10.2692,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":49.8644,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":56.4783,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.5242},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":84.2458,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":22.6221,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":37.1205,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":19.1563,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":64.275,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":216.6605,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":36.6605,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-443,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":1559372.770833,"kali_year":2659,"ahargana":970907.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":49.8644,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":56.4783,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":6.6138,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.6138},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":56.4783,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.1449},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":106.3427},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.524,"elongation":6.614},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.524,"opposition_distance":173.386}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:24","sunsetLocal":"18:33","solarNoonLocal":"11:58","dayLengthHours":13.144129529167753,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 39 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 21 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:47","moonsetLocal":"19:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:20","end":"11:58","startHours":10.328083686704584,"endHours":11.971099877850556,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:15","end":"16:54","startHours":15.257132260142491,"endHours":16.900148451288462,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:41","startHours":7.042051304412647,"endHours":8.685067495558616,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:28","end":"08:54","startHours":8.465998670072487,"endHours":8.904136321044746,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:57","end":"06:18","startHours":5.9467071769820015,"endHours":6.297217297759808,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:32","end":"12:25","startHours":11.532962226878295,"endHours":12.409237528822812,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:39","end":"04:31","startHours":3.6464845093776446,"endHours":4.522759811322161,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:18","end":"05:24","startHours":4.303690985836032,"endHours":5.399035113266678,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"15:02","startHours":14.161788132711848,"endHours":15.038063434656365,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:21","end":"18:45","startHours":18.34316464243443,"endHours":18.74316464243443,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:33","end":"19:05","startHours":18.54316464243443,"endHours":19.09083670614975,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:18","end":"20:03","startHours":18.29316464243443,"endHours":20.04316464243443,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:32","end":"00:25","startHours":23.532962226878297,"endHours":24.409237528822814,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:24","end":"07:03","startHours":5.399035113266678,"endHours":7.042051304412647,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:03","end":"08:41","startHours":7.042051304412647,"endHours":8.685067495558616,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:41","end":"10:20","startHours":8.685067495558616,"endHours":10.328083686704584,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:20","end":"11:58","startHours":10.328083686704584,"endHours":11.971099877850556,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:58","end":"13:37","startHours":11.971099877850556,"endHours":13.614116068996523,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:37","end":"15:15","startHours":13.614116068996523,"endHours":15.257132260142491,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:15","end":"16:54","startHours":15.257132260142491,"endHours":16.900148451288462,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:54","end":"18:33","startHours":16.900148451288462,"endHours":18.54316464243443,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:33","end":"19:54","startHours":18.54316464243443,"endHours":19.900148451288462,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:54","end":"21:15","startHours":19.900148451288462,"endHours":21.25713226014249,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:15","end":"22:37","startHours":21.25713226014249,"endHours":22.614116068996523,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:37","end":"23:58","startHours":22.614116068996523,"endHours":23.971099877850556,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:58","end":"01:20","startHours":23.971099877850556,"endHours":25.328083686704584,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:20","end":"02:41","startHours":25.328083686704584,"endHours":26.685067495558616,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:41","end":"04:03","startHours":26.685067495558616,"endHours":28.042051304412645,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:03","end":"05:24","startHours":28.042051304412645,"endHours":29.399035113266677,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":5.399035113266678,"endHours":6.399035113266678,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":6.399035113266678,"endHours":7.399035113266678,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.399035113266678,"endHours":8.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.399035113266677,"endHours":9.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.399035113266677,"endHours":10.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.399035113266677,"endHours":11.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.399035113266677,"endHours":12.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.399035113266677,"endHours":13.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.399035113266677,"endHours":14.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.399035113266677,"endHours":15.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.399035113266677,"endHours":16.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.399035113266677,"endHours":17.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.399035113266677,"endHours":18.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.399035113266677,"endHours":19.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.399035113266677,"endHours":20.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.399035113266677,"endHours":21.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.399035113266677,"endHours":22.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.399035113266677,"endHours":23.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.399035113266677,"endHours":24.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.399035113266677,"endHours":25.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.399035113266677,"endHours":26.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.399035113266677,"endHours":27.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.399035113266677,"endHours":28.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":28.399035113266677,"endHours":29.399035113266677,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.684634653992704,"eotMinutes":2.918007328966811,"ayanamsa":-10.2692}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-386,"saka_samvat":-521,"bengali_samvat":-1036,"malayalam_era":-1267,"nanakshahi_year":-1912,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pratipada · Vikram -386 undefined · Śaka -521 undefined"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrishabha-sankranti","name":"Vṛṣabha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृषभ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Taurus.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛṣabha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 1, 444 BCE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 1, 444 BCE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 05:24, sūryāsta 18:33.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/-0443-05-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/-0443-05-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/-0443-05-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/-0443-05-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/-0443-05-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T23:29:31.375Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T23:29:31.375Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T23:29:31.375Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}