{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:amritsar:2026-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/amritsar/2026-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2026-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2026 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta (Burgess 1860 text, no bīja): Sun and Moon by the equation of the apsis with the 24-sine table","engine_version":"3.0 (text of the Sūrya Siddhānta)","accuracy_note":"Siddhāntic places, not the observed sky. Against the observed sky 1900-2030 the Moon averages -0.06 deg (max 3.6 deg), the Sun -0.21 deg (max 0.6 deg).","tradition_chain":"Sūrya Siddhānta, tr. E. Burgess (JAOS 6, 1860): I.29-47, II.15-45","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":5.052266666666667,"minute":7.141,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461252.71547,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1872787.2155,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.0592,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":299.5943,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":196.5351,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.5351},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":299.5943,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.261},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":42.6536},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta four-step process (II.43-44), tabular sines, even/odd epicycles, no bīja; verified against Burgess 1860 worked example","engine_version":"4.0 (Pūrṇa — Burgess text, 2026-09-26)","tradition_sources":"Sūrya Siddhānta Ch. I-III, tr. E. Burgess (JAOS 6, 1860)","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":5.052266666666667,"minute":7.141,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461252.71547,"ahargana":1872787.2155,"kali_year":5128,"ayanamsa":22.9093,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.0592,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":299.5943,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.8675},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":56.664,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":86.2832,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":106.0784,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":149.1269,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":342.8219,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":310.7208,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":130.7208,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta (Burgess 1860 text, no bīja): Sun and Moon by the equation of the apsis with the 24-sine table","engine_version":"3.0 (text of the Sūrya Siddhānta)","accuracy_note":"Siddhāntic places, not the observed sky. Against the observed sky 1900-2030 the Moon averages -0.06 deg (max 3.6 deg), the Sun -0.21 deg (max 0.6 deg).","tradition_chain":"Sūrya Siddhānta, tr. E. Burgess (JAOS 6, 1860): I.29-47, II.15-45","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":5.052266666666667,"minute":7.141,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461252.71547,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1872787.2155,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.0592,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":299.5943,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":196.5351,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.5351},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":299.5943,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.261},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":42.6536},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.868,"elongation":163.465},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.868,"opposition_distance":16.535}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"amritsar","name":"Amritsar, Punjab","lat":31.634,"lon":74.8723,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Punjab","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"amritsar","name":"Amritsar, Punjab","lat":31.634,"lon":74.8723,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Punjab","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:37","sunsetLocal":"19:15","solarNoonLocal":"12:26","dayLengthHours":13.639042485505342,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 38 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 21 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:30","moonsetLocal":"06:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:26","startHours":10.733658536802977,"endHours":12.438538847491145},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:51","end":"17:33","startHours":15.84829946886748,"endHours":17.55317977955565},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:19","end":"09:02","startHours":7.323897915426642,"endHours":9.02877822611481},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:54","startHours":11.983333333333333,"endHours":12.9},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:14","end":"04:56","startHours":4.233333333333333,"endHours":4.933333333333334},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:09","end":"19:21","startHours":19.15,"endHours":19.35},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśītha","start":"00:06","end":"00:47","startHours":24.1,"endHours":24.783333333333335},"sourcedMuhurtas":{"success":true,"date":"2026-07-31","sunrise":"05:37","sunset":"19:15","timezone":"UTC+5.5","calculation_method":"surya_siddhanta (II.59-63, II.46)","rahu_kalam":{"name":"Rāhu Kālam","sanskrit":"राहु काल","start":"10:44","end":"12:26","duration_minutes":102.3,"rule":"part 4 of the day's 8 (Sun 8, Mon 2, Tue 7, Wed 5, Thu 6, Fri 4, Sat 3)","source":"South Indian almanac table (Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala); no verse found in BPHS, Bṛhatsaṃhitā, Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Nārada-saṃhitā, Phaladīpikā, Dharmasindhu, Nirṇayasindhu or Praśna-mārga","sources_say":["Uttara-kālāmṛta 2.29 (post-16th century; read in P. S. Sastri's English): not to bathe in the sea during it. The editor: \"Standard texts have no mention of it.\""],"evidence":"regional convention"},"yamaganda_kalam":{"name":"Yamaghaṇṭaka (Yamagaṇḍa) Kālam","sanskrit":"यमघण्टक","start":"15:51","end":"17:33","duration_minutes":102.3,"rule":"Jupiter's eighth of the day: part 7 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: listed with Ardhapraharam and Kālan as periods to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.19-20 (as a natal upagraha): Yamakaṇṭaka acts like Jupiter, the strongest of the upagrahas at giving good","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.37-39 counts a Yamaghaṇṭa among the faulty moments (duṣṭakṣaṇa), in sixteenths of the day: the second half of this eighth"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},"gulika_kalam":{"name":"Gulika Kālam","sanskrit":"गुलिक","start":"07:19","end":"09:02","duration_minutes":102.3,"rule":"Saturn's eighth of the day: part 2 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 34 (tr. N. P. Subramania Iyer, 1917): for harvest, trade, medical treatment and the study of the Vedas \"Gulika has no evil force\"; ch. 33 note: \"Gulika is not considered inauspicious\"","Phaladīpikā 25.20 (as a natal upagraha): Gulika acts like Saturn"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},"brahma_muhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","sanskrit":"ब्रह्म मुहूर्त","start":"04:14","end":"04:56","duration_minutes":41.4,"rule":"the 14th fifteenth of the night ending at this sunrise","source":"Manusmṛti 4.92; Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya Sūtra 2.1, with Aruṇadatta and Hemādri","sources_say":["Manusmṛti 4.92: \"brāhme muhūrte budhyeta\" (one should wake in the brāhma muhūrta and reflect on dharma and the Veda)","Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya Sūtra 2.1: \"brāhme muhūrta uttiṣṭhet svastho rakṣārtham āyuṣaḥ\" (the healthy should rise then, to protect life)","Aruṇadatta: \"rātreś caturdaśo muhūrto brāhmo muhūrtaḥ\"; Hemādri: \"rātreś copāntyo muhūrto brāhmaḥ\" (wording through a journal article)"],"evidence":"secondary","note":"Manu and Vāgbhaṭa name it; the 14th of the night is the commentators' definition"},"abhijit_muhurta":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","sanskrit":"अभिजित् मुहूर्त","start":"11:59","end":"12:54","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 8th fifteenth of the day, around midday","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.7-8; Muhūrta-gaṇapati 83-86; Nārada-saṃhitā 9.4-5","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.8: \"tena yānam apahāya dakṣiṇāṃ sarvadikṣv abhijit praśasyate\" (under Abhijit, travel in every direction but the south is praised)","Muhūrta-gaṇapati 83-84: in Abhijit, even where faults exist, one may do all auspicious work except travel to the south","Vālmīki-Rāmāyaṇa 6.4.3 calls the midday muhūrta Vijaya (\"yukto muhūrto vijayaḥ prāpto madhyaṃ divākaraḥ\")"],"evidence":"verse read"},"nishitha":{"name":"Niśītha","sanskrit":"निशीथ","start":"00:06","end":"00:47","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 8th fifteenth of the night: the middle of the night (not clock midnight)","source":"Dharmasindhu; Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54","sources_say":["Dharmasindhu: niśītha is the middle of the night, finely the 8th muhūrta; the instant at which a tithi is taken for night observances","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54: for travel, niśītha except toward the north"],"evidence":"verse read (OCR)"},"godhuli":{"name":"Godhūli","sanskrit":"गोधूलि","start":"19:09","end":"19:21","duration_minutes":12,"rule":"15 pala before and after the half-set Sun (the text's sunset is the Sun's centre on the horizon)","source":"Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Vivāha 38 (citing the Jyotirnibandha); Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Vivāha 6.100-101","sources_say":["Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 6.100: \"godhūliḥ sā munibhir uditā sarvakāryeṣu praśastā\" (the sages declared godhūli praised for all works)","Muhūrta-mārtaṇḍa, Vivāha 38: a lagna for marriage when no other good lagna is available","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 11.54: for travel, godhūli except toward the west"],"evidence":"verse read (OCR)","note":"MC 6.101 places the instant by season (in hemanta the rayless disk, in the hot season the half-set Sun, in the rains the Sun fully set); the half-set form is given"},"kala_vela":{"day":[{"name":"Gulika (day)","sanskrit":"गुलिक","start":"07:19","end":"09:02","duration_minutes":102.3,"rule":"Saturn's eighth of the day: part 2 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 34 (tr. N. P. Subramania Iyer, 1917): for harvest, trade, medical treatment and the study of the Vedas \"Gulika has no evil force\"; ch. 33 note: \"Gulika is not considered inauspicious\"","Phaladīpikā 25.20 (as a natal upagraha): Gulika acts like Saturn"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Yamaghaṇṭaka (day)","sanskrit":"यमघण्टक","start":"15:51","end":"17:33","duration_minutes":102.3,"rule":"Jupiter's eighth of the day: part 7 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: listed with Ardhapraharam and Kālan as periods to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.19-20 (as a natal upagraha): Yamakaṇṭaka acts like Jupiter, the strongest of the upagrahas at giving good","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.37-39 counts a Yamaghaṇṭa among the faulty moments (duṣṭakṣaṇa), in sixteenths of the day: the second half of this eighth"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Kāla (day)","sanskrit":"काल","start":"09:02","end":"10:44","duration_minutes":102.3,"rule":"Sun's eighth of the day: part 3 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: Kālan, to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.20: acts like Rāhu"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Mṛtyu (day)","sanskrit":"मृत्यु","start":"12:26","end":"14:09","duration_minutes":102.3,"rule":"Mars's eighth of the day: part 5 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Ardhaprahara (day)","sanskrit":"अर्धप्रहर","start":"14:09","end":"15:51","duration_minutes":102.3,"rule":"Mercury's eighth of the day: part 6 of 8, counted from Venus","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: Ardhapraharam, to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.20: acts like Mercury"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"}],"night":[{"name":"Gulika (night)","sanskrit":"गुलिक","start":"00:27","end":"01:44","duration_minutes":77.8,"rule":"Saturn's eighth of the night: part 5 of 8, counted from Mars","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 34 (tr. N. P. Subramania Iyer, 1917): for harvest, trade, medical treatment and the study of the Vedas \"Gulika has no evil force\"; ch. 33 note: \"Gulika is not considered inauspicious\"","Phaladīpikā 25.20 (as a natal upagraha): Gulika acts like Saturn"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Yamaghaṇṭaka (night)","sanskrit":"यमघण्टक","start":"21:51","end":"23:09","duration_minutes":77.8,"rule":"Jupiter's eighth of the night: part 3 of 8, counted from Mars","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: listed with Ardhapraharam and Kālan as periods to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.19-20 (as a natal upagraha): Yamakaṇṭaka acts like Jupiter, the strongest of the upagrahas at giving good","Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.37-39 counts a Yamaghaṇṭa among the faulty moments (duṣṭakṣaṇa), in sixteenths of the day: the second half of this eighth"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Kāla (night)","sanskrit":"काल","start":"01:44","end":"03:02","duration_minutes":77.8,"rule":"Sun's eighth of the night: part 6 of 8, counted from Mars","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: Kālan, to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.20: acts like Rāhu"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Mṛtyu (night)","sanskrit":"मृत्यु","start":"19:15","end":"20:33","duration_minutes":77.8,"rule":"Mars's eighth of the night: part 1 of 8, counted from Mars","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"},{"name":"Ardhaprahara (night)","sanskrit":"अर्धप्रहर","start":"20:33","end":"21:51","duration_minutes":77.8,"rule":"Mercury's eighth of the night: part 2 of 8, counted from Mars","source":"Bṛhat-Parāśara-Horāśāstra ch. 3 (upagrahas)","sources_say":["Kālaprakāśikā ch. 33: Ardhapraharam, to be set aside","Phaladīpikā 25.20: acts like Mercury"],"evidence":"verse read","note":"BPHS uses these parts to fix the upagraha points; the 8th eighth has no lord"}]},"day_muhurtas":[{"name":"Śiva","sanskrit":"शिव","deity":"Śiva","start":"05:37","end":"06:32","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 1th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Bhujaga","sanskrit":"भुजग","deity":"Bhujaga","start":"06:32","end":"07:26","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 2th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Mitra","sanskrit":"मित्र","deity":"Mitra","start":"07:26","end":"08:21","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 3th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Pitṛ","sanskrit":"पितृ","deity":"Pitṛ","start":"08:21","end":"09:15","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 4th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Vasu","sanskrit":"वसु","deity":"Vasu","start":"09:15","end":"10:10","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 5th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Jala","sanskrit":"जल","deity":"Jala","start":"10:10","end":"11:04","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 6th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Viśva","sanskrit":"विश्व","deity":"Viśva","start":"11:04","end":"11:59","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 7th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Viriñci (Abhijit)","sanskrit":"विरिञ्चि","deity":"Viriñci (Abhijit)","start":"11:59","end":"12:54","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 8th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Paṅkajaprabhava (Brahmā)","sanskrit":"पङ्कजप्रभव","deity":"Paṅkajaprabhava (Brahmā)","start":"12:54","end":"13:48","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 9th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Indra","sanskrit":"इन्द्र","deity":"Indra","start":"13:48","end":"14:43","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 10th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Indrāgnī","sanskrit":"इन्द्राग्नी","deity":"Indrāgnī","start":"14:43","end":"15:37","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 11th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Niśācara","sanskrit":"निशाचर","deity":"Niśācara","start":"15:37","end":"16:32","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 12th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Varuṇa","sanskrit":"वरुण","deity":"Varuṇa","start":"16:32","end":"17:26","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 13th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Aryaman","sanskrit":"अर्यमन्","deity":"Aryaman","start":"17:26","end":"18:21","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 14th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Yoni (Bhaga)","sanskrit":"योनि","deity":"Yoni (Bhaga)","start":"18:21","end":"19:15","duration_minutes":54.6,"rule":"the 15th fifteenth of the day (sunrise to sunset)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.2, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"}],"night_muhurtas":[{"name":"Rudra","sanskrit":"रुद्र","deity":"Rudra","start":"19:15","end":"19:57","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 1th fifteenth of the 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read"},{"name":"Pūṣan","sanskrit":"पूषन्","deity":"Pūṣan","start":"21:20","end":"22:01","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 4th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Dasra","sanskrit":"दस्र","deity":"Dasra","start":"22:01","end":"22:43","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 5th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Antaka","sanskrit":"अन्तक","deity":"Antaka","start":"22:43","end":"23:24","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 6th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Agni","sanskrit":"अग्नि","deity":"Agni","start":"23:24","end":"00:06","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 7th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Dhātṛ","sanskrit":"धातृ","deity":"Dhātṛ","start":"00:06","end":"00:47","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 8th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Indu","sanskrit":"इन्दु","deity":"Indu","start":"00:47","end":"01:29","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 9th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Aditi","sanskrit":"अदिति","deity":"Aditi","start":"01:29","end":"02:10","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 10th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Guru","sanskrit":"गुरु","deity":"Guru","start":"02:10","end":"02:52","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 11th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Hari","sanskrit":"हरि","deity":"Hari","start":"02:52","end":"03:33","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 12th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Ravi","sanskrit":"रवि","deity":"Ravi","start":"03:33","end":"04:15","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 13th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Tvaṣṭṛ","sanskrit":"त्वष्टृ","deity":"Tvaṣṭṛ","start":"04:15","end":"04:56","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 14th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"},{"name":"Anila","sanskrit":"अनिल","deity":"Anila","start":"04:56","end":"05:38","duration_minutes":41.5,"rule":"the 15th fifteenth of the night (sunset to the next sunrise)","source":"Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.3, 3.4 (Varāhamihira)","sources_say":["Ṭikaṇikayātrā 3.5 and Bṛhatsaṃhitā 98.3: a muhūrta is judged by its presiding deity, as a nakṣatra is"],"evidence":"verse read"}],"vara_lord":"Śukra","vara_sanskrit":"शुक्रवार","not_computed":[{"name":"Vijaya muhūrta as \"the second half of the 7th muhūrta\"","reason":"no source; Rāmāyaṇa 6.4.3 calls the midday muhūrta Vijaya (see Abhijit)"},{"name":"Amṛta kāla by weekday","reason":"no source for a weekday table; the amṛta-ghaṭikā of the sources is by nakṣatra and is not yet read from a primary text"},{"name":"Durmuhūrta (Muhūrtacintāmaṇi 1.38-39)","reason":"the weekday table is partly unreadable in the scans (Tuesday and Thursday)"}],"sources":"docs/MUHURTA_SOURCES.md"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Cara","start":"05:37","end":"07:19","startHours":5.619017604738474,"endHours":7.323897915426642},{"name":"Lābha","start":"07:19","end":"09:02","startHours":7.323897915426642,"endHours":9.02877822611481},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:02","end":"10:44","startHours":9.02877822611481,"endHours":10.733658536802977},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:44","end":"12:26","startHours":10.733658536802977,"endHours":12.438538847491145},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:26","end":"14:09","startHours":12.438538847491145,"endHours":14.143419158179313},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:09","end":"15:51","startHours":14.143419158179313,"endHours":15.84829946886748},{"name":"Udvega","start":"15:51","end":"17:33","startHours":15.84829946886748,"endHours":17.55317977955565},{"name":"Cara","start":"17:33","end":"19:15","startHours":17.55317977955565,"endHours":19.258060090243816}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"19:15","end":"20:33","startHours":19.258060090243816,"endHours":20.55317977955565},{"name":"Udvega","start":"20:33","end":"21:51","startHours":20.55317977955565,"endHours":21.84829946886748},{"name":"Cara","start":"21:51","end":"23:09","startHours":21.84829946886748,"endHours":23.143419158179313},{"name":"Lābha","start":"23:09","end":"00:26","startHours":23.143419158179313,"endHours":24.438538847491145},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:26","end":"01:44","startHours":24.438538847491145,"endHours":25.733658536802977},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:44","end":"03:02","startHours":25.733658536802977,"endHours":27.02877822611481},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:02","end":"04:19","startHours":27.02877822611481,"endHours":28.32389791542664},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:19","end":"05:37","startHours":28.32389791542664,"endHours":29.619017604738474}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 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8","start":"12:37","end":"13:37","startHours":12.619017604738474,"endHours":13.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:37","end":"14:37","startHours":13.619017604738474,"endHours":14.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:37","end":"15:37","startHours":14.619017604738474,"endHours":15.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:37","end":"16:37","startHours":15.619017604738474,"endHours":16.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:37","end":"17:37","startHours":16.619017604738474,"endHours":17.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:37","end":"18:37","startHours":17.619017604738474,"endHours":18.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:37","end":"19:37","startHours":18.619017604738474,"endHours":19.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:37","end":"20:37","startHours":19.619017604738474,"endHours":20.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:37","end":"21:37","startHours":20.619017604738474,"endHours":21.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:37","end":"22:37","startHours":21.619017604738474,"endHours":22.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:37","end":"23:37","startHours":22.619017604738474,"endHours":23.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:37","end":"00:37","startHours":23.619017604738474,"endHours":24.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:37","end":"01:37","startHours":24.619017604738474,"endHours":25.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:37","end":"02:37","startHours":25.619017604738474,"endHours":26.619017604738474,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 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Bhādrapadā"]},{"number":8,"name":"Maitra","janma_stars":["Punarvasu","Viśākhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"]},{"number":9,"name":"Atimaitra","janma_stars":["Ārdrā","Svātī","Śatabhiṣaj"]}],"rule":"Counted from the janma star to the day's star, in three rounds of nine","source":"Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Gocara 11-12","sources_say":"\"tārā nāmasadṛkphalāḥ\": each tārā gives fruit like its name (v.12)"},"chandraBala":{"moon_rashi":"Makara","rows":[{"janma_rashi":"Meṣa","house":10,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":4,"vedha_by":["Sun","Jupiter"]},{"janma_rashi":"Vṛṣabha","house":9,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Mithuna","house":8,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Karka","house":7,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":2,"vedha_by":["Venus","Ketu"]},{"janma_rashi":"Siṃha","house":6,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":12,"vedha_by":["Sun","Jupiter"]},{"janma_rashi":"Kanyā","house":5,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Tulā","house":4,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Vṛścika","house":3,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":9,"vedha_by":["Sun","Jupiter"]},{"janma_rashi":"Dhanu","house":2,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Makara","house":1,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":5,"vedha_by":["Mars"]},{"janma_rashi":"Kumbha","house":12,"place":null,"vedha_from_house":null,"vedha_by":[]},{"janma_rashi":"Mīna","house":11,"place":"v.1","vedha_from_house":8,"vedha_by":[]}],"rule":"The Moon's house counted from the janma rāśi; the places of v.1 with their vedha houses, and in the bright half those of v.4","source":"Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Gocara 1-4","not_computed":"the vedha of the v.4 places (the ṭīkā gives 6, 8, 4; not checked against a second edition)"},"dishaShool":"West","dishaShoolSource":"Nārada-saṃhitā 33.5 (and Muhūrtacintāmaṇi, Yātrā 10): \"na vrajet\", one should not set out that way on that weekday","chandraVasa":"South","chandraVasaSource":"Nārada-saṃhitā 33.8: the rāśis from Meṣa in turn to the four quarters from the east; the Moon dwells in her rāśi's quarter","rahuVasa":null,"rahuVasaNotComputed":"Rāhu-vāsa by weekday: no classical verse found (Muhūrtacintāmaṇi has only the nakṣatra-based Pathi-Rāhu-cakra, Yātrā 18); an almanac convention, not shown","anandadiYoga":{"number":4,"name":"Prajāpati","star":"Dhaniṣṭhā","counted_from":"Uttara-Āṣāḍhā","excluded_ghatis":null,"rule":"Counted from the weekday's star to the day's star, Abhijit included 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2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-10-05T14:35:26.875Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. 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